What is Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma And What Genetics Work Behind It?

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07/10/23

Link : www.genedent.com

Narration by : Geetika Raj ( Scientific Coordinator at Kroynas)

📌What is Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma?

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and slow-growing malignant tumor that can occur in different parts of the body, including the salivary glands. It is one of the most common malignant tumors of the salivary glands, and can also occur in the breast, trachea, and other sites.

📌Where does it affect?

In the oral cavity, ACC most commonly affects the minor salivary glands, which are scattered throughout the mouth and throat. These glands produce saliva that helps with chewing, swallowing, and digestion. ACC can also occur in the major salivary glands, such as the parotid gland, but this is less common.

📌What are it's symptoms?

The symptoms of ACC in the oral cavity can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor. Some common symptoms include a painless mass or swelling in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, numbness or weakness in the face, and changes in speech or pronunciation.

📌Is it genetically inherited?

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is not typically inherited in a straightforward manner like some other genetic disorders.

However, some studies suggest that there may be a genetic predisposition to developing salivary gland tumors like ACC, particularly in individuals with a family history of salivary gland tumors. In these cases, there may be a genetic susceptibility to the disease, but it is not always clear which specific genes are involved.

Some studies have identified specific genetic mutations that are commonly found in ACC tumors, such as mutations in the genes MYB, MYBL1, and NFIB.

📌What is it's treatment?

The treatment for ACC typically involves surgery to remove the tumor, followed by radiation therapy to reduce the risk of recurrence. Chemotherapy may also be used in some cases. Prognosis for ACC varies depending on the location and size of the tumor, as well as other factors such as the patient's age and overall health.

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