Vascular tumors - Angiosarcoma - Definition, Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis and treatment

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12/07/23

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Vascular tumors - Angiosarcoma - Definition, Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, and treatment

Angiosarcomas are uncommon malignant neoplasms of vascular endothelial cell origin. They may arise at a number of different body sites, but the most common form of angiosarcoma, Wilson-Jones angiosarcoma, occurs in the head and neck region of elderly individuals.

There is a strong male preponderance. Risk factors for the development of angiosarcoma include the history of radiotherapy, foreign materials (eg, shrapnel, steel, plastic, Dacron) in the body, chronic lymphedema, and environmental agents such as arsenic and vinyl chloride.

Angiosarcomas are aggressive tumors that tend to grow rapidly, recur locally, and metastasize widely. Prognosis is poor; five-year survival rates are less than 20%. This is due to the biologic behavior of the tumor as well as delays in diagnosis. Initially, lesions may mimic ecchymoses or cellulitis. Medical personnel should maintain a high degree of suspicion and inquire about systemic signs of malignancy (eg, weight loss, fatigue, mass).

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