Diagnosis and staging of Laryngeal Cancer | स्वरयंत्र का कैंसर डायग्नोसिस और स्टेजिंग
If you have symptoms of laryngeal cancer, such as a hoarse voice and pain when swallowing, your GP will ask about your symptoms and recent medical history.
They may also examine the inside and outside of your throat for abnormalities, such as lumps and swellings.
If laryngeal cancer is suspected, you'll probably be referred to the ear, nose and throat (ENT) department of your local hospital for further testing.
During a nasendoscopy or laryngoscopy, your doctor may use small instruments to remove a sample of cells from your larynx so it can be examined for signs of cancer. This is known as a biopsy.
If you have a lump in your neck, a needle and syringe can be used to remove a tissue sample. This is known as fine-needle aspiration.
If the results of the biopsy show you have cancer and there's a risk it may have spread, you'll probably be referred for further testing to assess how widespread the cancer is. The tests may include:
a CT scan – a series of X-rays are taken to build up a more detailed three-dimensional picture of your larynx and the surrounding tissue
a MRI scan – a strong magnetic field and radio waves are used to produce a more detailed image of your larynx and the surrounding tissue
a PET-CT scan – a CT scan is used to take pictures of the inside of your body after you have been injected with a mildly radioactive substance that helps to show cancerous areas more clearly
an ultrasound scan – high-frequency sound waves are used to check for signs of cancer in the lymph nodes (glands found throughout the body) near the larynx
After these tests have been completed, your doctor should be able to tell you the extent of the cancer. This is known as the stage and grade of the cancer.
Healthcare professionals use a system called the TNM system to stage laryngeal cancer.
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