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Primary liver cancer is a malignant tumour that begins in the liver. There are different types: 

hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or hepatoma, is the most common type of primary liver cancer and it starts in the main cell type in the liver, the hepatocytes 

cholangiocarcinoma, or bile duct cancer, starts in the cells lining the bile ducts (which connect the liver to the bowel and gall bladder) 

angiosarcoma, which starts in the blood vessels. This is a rare type of liver cancer that is more likely to occur in people over 70. 

Secondary Cancer in the liver is cancer that started in another part of the body but has spread to the liver. If you have secondary cancer in the liver, it may be useful to read information about the primary cancer in conjunction with this information or about cancer of unknown primary. 



Dr S.Ali Kamran 
MBBS, MPH


Courses done from
ACG American Collage of gastroenterology  

AGA American Gastroenterology Association

ASGE American Society of Gastroenterology Endoscopy

AASLD American Association for the Study of Liver Disease

SAGES The Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeon's

Albert Einstein School of Medicine

University of Kent usky

University of Pensylvania


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PMO Interview with the Innovator Series: Volume 9 :The bioT3 Platform

Fleetwood Mac’s Christine McVie Died of Stroke Caused by Cancer.
According to the singer’s death certificate and will, obtained by The Blast, McVie was diagnosed with, ‘metastatic malignancy of unknown primary origin,” which essentially means cancer had spread in her body where the primary source or tumor is not detected. The National Institute of Health describes it as, “a metastatic tumor for which the site of origin is not suggested by a thorough history, physical examination, chest x-ray studies, routine blood and urine studies, and histologic evaluation.”

Unfortunately, McVie suffered an “ischaemic stroke” which ultimately caused her death. The cancer is listed as a secondary cause of the musician’s passing.
This specific type of stroke is described as “a blood clot blocks or narrows an artery leading to the brain. A blood clot often forms in arteries damaged by the buildup of plaques (atherosclerosis). It can occur in the carotid artery of the neck as well as other arteries.” It is the most common type of stroke.
In the months leading up to her death, McVie was open about her health struggles noting in an interview it might keep her from performing. “I’m in quite bad health. I’ve got a chronic back problem that debilitates me. I stand up to play the piano, so I don’t know if I could actually physically do it. What’s that saying? The mind is willing, but the flesh is weak,” she told Rolling Stone, in response to the possibility of a final tour with Fleetwood Mac.

The death certificate reveals the singer was also suffering from “atrial fibrillation,” often called AFib, which is “the most common type of treated heart arrhythmia. An arrhythmia is when the heart beats too slowly, too fast, or in an irregular way.”
As we reported, the legendary singer died in November 2022, at the age of 79. At the time, the band issued a statement saying she died after suffering from a “short illness.” Until now, little was known about Christine’s actual cause of death.
The death certificate was revealed in court documents filed to settle to singer’s massive estate. Christine was not married and never had any children. So, according to the filing, the singer’s brother and his children are the sole heirs of her musical fortune. Also, several charities are going to be the recipient of some of her assets, but it’s unclear how much.

The filing indicates that McVie’s fortune was in excess of $50 Million. Most of her assets are in the United States, but a bit of her liquid money was in the UK.
It should be noted, the singer’s longtime business manager is named as the executor of her estate. The documents reveal the estate has an urgent tax bill due, and it asking a judge to intervene. “It is urgent that this matter be heard as soon as possible, on an Ex Parte basis, due to the impending tax liability in the amount of £31,000,000 which must be paid on or before May 31, 2023. As mentioned above, the UK estate is subject to interest in penalties at a rate of 6.5% if such tax liability is not timely paid,” it states.
As you know, Christine was a vital influence on Fleetwood Mac’s sound, sharing lead vocal duties with Stevie Nicks and Lindsey Buckingham. The band issued a statement following her death, saying, “On behalf of Christine McVie’s family, it is with a heavy heart we are informing you of Christine’s death,” the statement read. “She passed away peacefully at the hospital this morning, Wednesday, November 30th, 2022, following a short illness. She was in the company of her family. We kindly ask that you respect the family’s privacy at this extremely painful time, and we would like everyone to keep Christine in their hearts and remember the life of an incredible human being, and revered musician who was loved universally.”

Tuesday, April 2; 10:30 a.m.–12:45 p.m. ET
Clinical Trials Plenary Session 4: Novel Rational Checkpoint Inhibitors