Parathyroid Cancer


Parathyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove abnormal or diseased parathyroid glands. Humans have four oval-shaped parathyroid glands located behind the thyroid glands in the neck. Parathyroid glands produce special hormone called parathyroid hormone or PTH. This hormone regulates calcium level in the blood which is essential for proper functioning of body organs.
Why is parathyroidectomy performed?
Due to certain reasons, if our parathyroid glands overstimulate or overact, they develop into a condition known as hyperparathyroidism. In this condition, abnormal parathyroid glands produce and release high levels of PTH hormone even when it is not required. Therefore, hyperparathyroidism must be treated immediately by removing diseased or abnormal parathyroid gland and this can only be done surgically through a procedure called parathyroidectomy.
Why does hyperparathyroidism occur?
Hyperparathyroidism occurs due to tumor growth in the parathyroid glands or vitamin D deficiency in our body. Due to unknown reasons, if tumor grows in our parathyroid glands, it causes abnormal division and proliferation of parathyroid cells and results in enlargement of parathyroid glands. The enlarged parathyroid glands will overact and produce abnormally high levels of PTH hormone. This leads to the development of hyperparathyroidism. In other case, because vitamin D is responsible for absorption of calcium from intestine into the blood. Therefore, if vitamin D deficiency occurs in our body, calcium will not be absorbed into the blood and blood calcium level falls critically. This stimulates parathyroid glands which continuously grow and become enlarged to cope the low blood calcium level. As a result, hyperparathyroidism occurs which needs immediate removal of abnormal parathyroid glands through a surgical procedure known as parathyroidectomy.
How is parathyroidectomy performed?
Before surgery
Before surgery, doctors examine test reports of few blood tests including complete blood count or CBC etc.,
During the procedure, patients typically receive general anesthesia to become unconscious during the surgery. Once the patient completely sedate, surgeons make about half-inch incisions in two sides of the neck and use special retractors to approach parathyroid glands without damaging the nearby tissues. Through one incision, an endoscope with camera in front is inserted to visualize the diseased parathyroid glands which are then removed with the help of instruments inserted through the second incision. Once, surgeon ensures that all the diseased parathyroid glands are removed, he sutures the subcutaneous layer and fix the top skin layer using surgical glue.
Parathyroidectomy is mostly applied in outpatient settings means that patients do not have to stay overnight in the hospital, even they are discharged within two to three hours of surgery.
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Kate, a working mom from Denver, shares her story about receiving treatment for thyroid cancer at Rose Medical Center from Dr. Kimberly Vanderveen. Learn more about Dr. Vanderveen and the Rose Thyroid and Parathyroid Cancer Center: https://rosemed.com/campaigns/....thyroid-parathyroid-


Parathyroid surgery or parathyroidectomy is often performed to remove a hyperactive parathyroid gland. Animation goes over how it is performed both in the traditional open approach where all 4 parathyroid glands can be exposed as well as a minimally invasive approach (1:22).
Video produced by Dr. Chris Chang:
https://www.FauquierENT.net
Animation made with Dr. Christopher Lansford:
https://www.doctorlansford.com
Watch video on all the possible different locations a parathyroid gland can be found:
https://youtu.be/rcRDr0FTonw
#parathyroidectomy #parathyroidsurgery #parathyroidadenoma


Please be advised that this video contains graphic footage of surgery.
This video depicts a parathyroidectomy for a left inferior parathyroid adenoma.
To learn more about the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Mayo Clinic, visit http://mayocl.in/2FDUHTI


What are parathyroid disorders and calcium balance? Problems with the parathyroid gland can cause hypo or hyperparathyroidism which leads to calcium imbalance.
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