Carotid body tumor, Chemodectoma or Carotid body paraganglioma
Carotid body tumor, a chemodectoma or carotid body paraganglioma, is a highly vascular glomus tumor, made up of chemoreceptor cells, that arises from the paraganglion cells of the carotid body. Chemoreceptor cells detect chemical changes such as oxygen content and pH levels in the body and respond by regulating chemical or physical processes. Carotid body tumor is located at the carotid bifurcation with characteristic splaying of the ICA and ECA.
The incidence of carotid body tumors is less than 1 in 30000. CBTs represent more than half of neck paragangliomas.
A 46-year-old European lady of Asian ethnicity presented with a large painful and tender mass of the left side of her neck located just below the angle of the mandible. She was complaining of frequent attacks of symptoms ranging from dizziness upon resuming the erect position to frank syncope, Hoarseness, Difficulty swallowing, Partial paralysis and numbness in the tongue, Weakness, and pain in the shoulders, some Vision changes, with a drooping eyelid. High blood pressure with heart palpitations on four antihypertensives.
During surgery, the CBT was successfully taken off the ICA, by establishing a sub-adventitial dissection plane, obviating the need for any arterial resection and replacement.
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