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Pharmacology - Hydroxychloroquine, Immunosuppressants, Methotrexate nursing RN PN NCLEX
Pharmacology - Hydroxychloroquine, Immunosuppressants, Methotrexate nursing RN PN NCLEX administrator 0 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

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Cancer Drugs - Learn with Visual Mnemonics!
Cancer Drugs - Learn with Visual Mnemonics! administrator 0 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

Website: http://VisualLearner.net/
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/visuallearnerstudios
Twitter: https://twitter.com/VL_Studios

Alright...today, we will go over some common classes of drugs used in treating cancer and examples within each class. To remind you of this, this picture is a scene out of the latest sci-fi movie starring my main man...VIN EASEL. The plot?...Vin Easel and his crew battling a giant cancer crab.

Vinca alkaloids: Vinblastine, Vincristine

First up, are the Vinca alkaloids represented by Vin Easel. VIN BLASTING the crab is VINBLASTINE, and VIN with the CROSS is VINCRISTINE.

Antimetabolites - Methotrexate, Fluorouracil, Mercaptopurine

Next, we have the antimetabolites, represented by the T-Rex. The METH smoking T-REX is METH-O-TREX-ATE, his FLORAL shorts is FLUORO-URACIL, and his MERCEDES CAP is MER-CAP-TOPURINE. *we do not condone smoking meth*

Taxanes: Paclitaxel

Another class are the Taxanes, represented by the Tax Man. He’s is wearing a PACK of TAXES, which is PAC-LITAXEL.

Alkylating Agents - Cyclophosphamide, Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Busulfan

Lastly, we have the Alkylating agents, these are represented by the vehicles in the back line. The CYCLONE CYCLER on his PHOSPHATE bike is CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE. The CAR of PLATINUM is CARBOPLATIN, and his SISter car is CIS-PLATIN. The BUS wielding FANS is BUS-UL-FAN.

Alright folks, that’s it for this video! To learn more about visual mnemonics and Cancer drugs, including mechanisms of action and side effects, please check out our website at VisualLearner.net. Happy studying!

Cancer chemotherapy (Ar): Lec 02 - Anticancer agents  (Part 1)
Cancer chemotherapy (Ar): Lec 02 - Anticancer agents (Part 1) administrator 0 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

Video lectures in Clin Pharmacol
Prof AM Fouda

The PDF file of this lecture is found here:
https://drive.google.com/file/....d/1NWlWvDQDLlHZGpf0B

-------- Contents of this video -------------------
00:00 - Classifications
02:20 - Adverse effects of ACDs
05:42 - Alkylating agents
07:33 - MOA
11:47 - cyclophosphamide
19:40 - Cisplatin
24:23 - Antimetabolites
25:52 - MOA of Methotrexate
27:00 - MOA of 6-mercaptopurine
28:25 - MOA of 5-fluorouracil
29:21 - Methotrexate
35:06 - 6-mercaptopurine min
40:40 - Cytotoxic antibiotics

Chemotherapeutic agents
Chemotherapeutic agents administrator 0 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

This is a brief overview of chemotherapeutic agents, their mechanism of action, and some related side effects.

I created this presentation with Google Slides.
Image were created or taken from Wikimedia Commons
I created this video with the YouTube Video Editor.

ADDITIONAL TAGS:
Chemotherapeutic agents
Classes of chemical agents used in the treatment of cancer
Alkylating agents
Antimetabolites
Microtubule targeting agents
Topoisomerase inhibitors
Anthracyclines
Monoclonal antibodies
Other agents

Alkylating agents
Attach alkyl groups to DNA, allows cross linking of base pairs, damaging DNA; cell cycle nonspecific
Typical alkylating agents: cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, melphalan, busulfan, mechlorethamine, chlorambucil, thiotepa
Side effects: myelosuppression drop in WBC, Hb, crit, nausea/vomiting, secondary malignancies, infertility/impaired fertility, hemorrhagic cystitis hematuria, dysuria from direct irritation of bladder by acrolein metabolite
Atypical alkylating agents
Platinum compounds covalently bind purine DNA bases. Drugs and side effects:
cisplatin causes nephrotoxicity and n/v
carboplatin causes thrombocytopenia
oxaliplatin causes cold sensitivity
all cause peripheral neuropathies, paresthesia
Nitrosoureas: BCNu, CCNu both cause pulmonary toxicity, phlebitis. CNS
Alkylating agents
Antimetabolites
Microtubule targeting agents
Topoisomerase inhibitors
Anthracyclines
Monoclonal antibodies
Other agents

Antimetabolites
Inhibit DNA replication or repair by mimicking normal cell compounds; S phase specific
Folate inhibitor: Methotrexate inhibits DHFR, prevents regeneration of THF
Adjuvant leucovorin to protect healthy cells adjuvant
Side effect is mucositis, myelosuppression
Pyrimidine inhibitors
5-fluorouracil inhibits thymidylate synthetase
Bolus dose causes myelosuppression
Continuous dose causes GI problems mucositis, diarrhea
Synergistic leucovorin potentate mechanism of action synergistic
Capecitabine is essentially an oral prodrug for 5-FU
Side effect: hand-foot syndrome - palms and hands and feet become red, can start blistering
Cytarabine AraC is a DNA chain terminator
Side effects: conjunctivitis and cerebellar neural defects
The 7 in 7+3 chemotherapy
Purine analog is 6-mercaptopurine
Alkylating agents
Antimetabolites
Microtubule targeting agents
Topoisomerase inhibitors
Anthracyclines
Monoclonal antibodies
Other agents

Microtubule targeting agents
These drugs inhibit mitosis, specifically M phase
Vinca alkaloids destroy microtubules, obviously preventing their function
Vincristine, vinblastine, and vinorelbine
Side effects: peripheral neuropathy, myelosuppressive blast others
Fatal if given intrathecally
Taxanes stabilize microtubules, preventing their function
Paclitaxol, docetaxol
Side effects: myelosuppression, peripheral neuropathies
Hypersensitivity
from diluent: Cremophor diluent in paclitaxel Tween80 in docetaxel
Avoid hypersenitivity with abraxane, protein-bound paclitaxol particles
less sensitivity but more neuropathy

Topoisomerase inhibitors
Topoisomerase I inhibitors prevent relaxation of supercoiled DNA
Topotecan, irinotecan
Both have side effect of myelosuppression
Irinotecan causes diarrhea: “I ran to the can”
Topoisomerase II inhibitors prevent recoiling of DNA after transcription
Etoposide, teniposide
Both have side effects of myelosuppression, mucositis, secondary malignancies AML
Etoposide also causes hypotension

Anthracyclines
Various mechanisms of action: intercalate DNA, inhibit topo II, generate ROS, perhaps alkylation
-rubicins: doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, epirubicin
Side effects: biventricular heart failure, necrotic with extravasation
The 3 in 7+3 chemotherapy


Monoclonal antibodies
Origin determined from suffixes: -omab from mouse; -ximab is chimeric cross between human/mouse; -umab is humanized; -mumab is fully human
mAb
Target
Treats:
Toxicity
Rituximab
CD20
lymphoma
-
Trastuzumab
Her-2
breast cancer
-
Cetuximab
EGFR
solid tumors initially for colorectal cancer
Acneiform rash
Bevacizumab
VEGF
solid tumors initially for colorectal/lung cancers
GI perforation,

Other chemotherapeutic agents
Bleomycin causes lung toxicity
Side effects: pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial pneumonitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis cough, infiltrates
Hormonal therapies
Antiestrogens block estrogen stimulation of breast cancer
Tamoxifen, fulvestrant, megestrol acetate
Aromatase inhibitors block synthesis of estrogen
Anastrozole, letrozole
Antiandrogens block androgen stimulation of prostate cancer
Other targets for prostate cancer are LHRH agonists prevent testosterone production, GnRH antagonist, CYP17 inhibitor

Anti-cancer drugs Side effects (Chemo toxicities) - Visual mnemonic
Anti-cancer drugs Side effects (Chemo toxicities) - Visual mnemonic administrator 3 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

Cancer drugs Side effects (Chemo toxicities) - Visual mnemonic / Anticancer drug mnemonic / Remember anticancer drugs side effects

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Cancer chemotherapy (Ar): Lec 01 - Pathophysiology and Key Concepts
Cancer chemotherapy (Ar): Lec 01 - Pathophysiology and Key Concepts administrator 1 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

Video lecture in Arabic: Pathophysiology and key concepts of cancer

Dr AM Fouda, MD, PhD
Professor of Clin Pharmacology
Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Egypt

Link to the PDF file:
https://drive.google.com/file/....d/1NWlWvDQDLlHZGpf0B

-------- Contents of this video -------------------
00:00 - Introduction
03:36 - The hallmarks of cancer
11:16 - Proliferation, differentiation and undifferentiation
16:22 - The cell cycle
23:30 - Checkpoints
25:55 - Cell cycle regulators
36:05 - Cancer genetics
36:40 - Tumor suppressor genes
37:45 - Proto- oncogenes
40:05 - Growth factors & uncontrolled Proliferation
46:26 - Cancer signaling network
48:12 - The telomere & telomerase
58:36 - Cancer therapeutic options

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