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How Parathyroid Gland Surgery Is Performed? (Urdu/Hindi)
How Parathyroid Gland Surgery Is Performed? (Urdu/Hindi) administrator 3 vistas • 2 años hace

Parathyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove abnormal or diseased parathyroid glands. Humans have four oval-shaped parathyroid glands located behind the thyroid glands in the neck. Parathyroid glands produce special hormone called parathyroid hormone or PTH. This hormone regulates calcium level in the blood which is essential for proper functioning of body organs.
Why is parathyroidectomy performed?
Due to certain reasons, if our parathyroid glands overstimulate or overact, they develop into a condition known as hyperparathyroidism. In this condition, abnormal parathyroid glands produce and release high levels of PTH hormone even when it is not required. Therefore, hyperparathyroidism must be treated immediately by removing diseased or abnormal parathyroid gland and this can only be done surgically through a procedure called parathyroidectomy.
Why does hyperparathyroidism occur?
Hyperparathyroidism occurs due to tumor growth in the parathyroid glands or vitamin D deficiency in our body. Due to unknown reasons, if tumor grows in our parathyroid glands, it causes abnormal division and proliferation of parathyroid cells and results in enlargement of parathyroid glands. The enlarged parathyroid glands will overact and produce abnormally high levels of PTH hormone. This leads to the development of hyperparathyroidism. In other case, because vitamin D is responsible for absorption of calcium from intestine into the blood. Therefore, if vitamin D deficiency occurs in our body, calcium will not be absorbed into the blood and blood calcium level falls critically. This stimulates parathyroid glands which continuously grow and become enlarged to cope the low blood calcium level. As a result, hyperparathyroidism occurs which needs immediate removal of abnormal parathyroid glands through a surgical procedure known as parathyroidectomy.
How is parathyroidectomy performed?
Before surgery
Before surgery, doctors examine test reports of few blood tests including complete blood count or CBC etc.,
During the procedure, patients typically receive general anesthesia to become unconscious during the surgery. Once the patient completely sedate, surgeons make about half-inch incisions in two sides of the neck and use special retractors to approach parathyroid glands without damaging the nearby tissues. Through one incision, an endoscope with camera in front is inserted to visualize the diseased parathyroid glands which are then removed with the help of instruments inserted through the second incision. Once, surgeon ensures that all the diseased parathyroid glands are removed, he sutures the subcutaneous layer and fix the top skin layer using surgical glue.
Parathyroidectomy is mostly applied in outpatient settings means that patients do not have to stay overnight in the hospital, even they are discharged within two to three hours of surgery.

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PARATHYROID CANCER | पैराथाइरॉइड कैंसर | PARATHYROID TUMOR | SYMPTOMS OF PARATHYROID CANCER | MEDICO
PARATHYROID CANCER | पैराथाइरॉइड कैंसर | PARATHYROID TUMOR | SYMPTOMS OF PARATHYROID CANCER | MEDICO administrator 0 vistas • 2 años hace

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About Video:
PARATHYROID CANCER
1. Parathyroid cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of a parathyroid gland.
RISK FACTORS
Risk factors for parathyroid cancer include the following rare disorders that are inherited (passed down from parent to child):
• Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism (FIHP).
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome.
• Treatment with radiation therapy may increase the risk of developing a parathyroid adenoma.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Most parathyroid cancer signs and symptoms are caused by the hypercalcemia that develops. Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia include the following:
• Weakness.
• Feeling very tired.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Loss of appetite.
• Weight loss for no known reason.
• Being much more thirsty than usual.
• Urinating much more than usual.
• Constipation.
• Trouble thinking clearly.
Other signs and symptoms of parathyroid cancer include the following:
• Pain in the abdomen, side, or back that doesn't go away.
• Pain in the bones.
• A broken bone.
• A lump in the neck.
• Change in voice such as hoarseness.
• Trouble swallowing.

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