Pharmacology - CANCER DRUGS – CELL CYCLE INHIBITORS (MADE EASY)

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07/02/23

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Cancer is generally defined as the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. One of the common approaches in treatment of cancer is to use drugs that target fast-dividing cells at different phases of the cell cycle. This pharmacology lecture covers mechanism of action and side effects of cell cycle specifc agents including topoisomerase inhibitors (type I & type II) and microtubule inhibitors (vinca alkaloids & taxanes) as well as cell cycle nonspecfic agents including antitumor antibiotics (anthracyclines), alkylating agents (nitrogen mustards, nitrosoureas, triazines, alkyl sulfonates), platinum coordination complexes, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (targeting BCR-ABL, HER2, PDGF, VEGF, EGF receptors), and monoclonal antibodies. Antineoplastic drugs mentioned include; Irinotecan, Topotecan, Etoposide, Vincristine, Vinblastine, Vinorelbine, Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, Cabazitaxel, Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Bleomycin, Chlorambucil, Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Melphalan, Carmustine, Lomustine, Dacarbazine, Temozolomide, Busulfan, Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin, Imatinib, Dasatinib, Nilotinib, Lapatinib, Sunitinib, Erlotinib, Trastuzumab, Cetuximab, Bevacizumab, and Rituximab.

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Source of image showing one-electron redox cycle of anthracyclines: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/751913/

Source of image showing Cisplatin activation and DNA damage induction: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1807-59322018000200317&script=sci_arttext

0:00 Overview
0:47 Topoisomerase Inhibitors
2:13 Microtubule Inhibitors
4:23 Antitumor Antibiotics
6:38 Alkylating Agents
7:44 Platinum Coordination Complexes
8:42 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
10:41 Monoclonal Antibodies
12:14 Side Effects