Kaposi Sarcoma. Dermpath Made Easy. Find out what causes this bloody growth.
Sorry for the constant clearing of throat (getting over URI/bronchitis).
Kaposi Sarcoma, nodular (tumoral) stage
This lesion is seen less nowadays since the widespread use of antivirals in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. In the US Kaposi Sarcoma is considered an AIDS-defining lesion (associated with AIDS) and is due to the virus HHV8 (humans herpesvirus 8).
The lesions present as red to purple, asymptomatic blotch/bruise. They can involve the skin as well as mucous membranes (mouth) and internal organs in later stages.
The lesions go through a few phases: patch (flat area of discoloration greater than 1 cm), plaque (thicker and lifted lesion greater than 1 cm), and nodular as in this case. Patch and plaque phases look quite similar microscopically. Nodular phase is distinct.
Microscopically (nodular stage):
1. The biggest clue is hemorrhage (RBC outside of blood vessels) within a vascular lesion. Most hemangiomas do not have red cell extravasation.
2. The lesion is within the dermis and is well circumscribed pink spindled cells with extravasated red cells. Spindled cells often run parallel to each other.
3. May see irregular slit-like vascular spaces within the main part of the lesion.
4. Mitoses
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